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Hepatitis Virus Hits Kitgum District
(New Vision/All Africa Global Media via COMTEX News Network) -- A Total of 1,262 cases of the new Hepatitis E virus have been reported in Kitgum District. The health ministry announced on Friday that of these, 25 have died and the virus has spread to

77 more hepatitis cases may trace to clinic, officials say
LAS VEGAS - Seventy-seven more people who were treated at a Las Vegas outpatient clinic have been diagnosed with hepatitis C, health officials said. Authorities can't say for sure how the 77 people were infected, said Brian Labus, senior epidemiologist

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Highly Effective Against HCV Genotype 1
When tested on people with Hepatitis C genotype 1, R7128 proved to be an effective addition to combination therapy after just four weeks' time. In addition to its anti-viral effect, polymerase inhibitor R7128 received good marks for safety and minimal...

Investigational Drug Beats Standard Therapy in Hepatitis C Study
A Phase IIa trial investigating triple combination therapy with PEGASYS, COPEGUS and Roche's investigational drug R1626, demonstrated a higher response rate than traditional combination therapy alone. While R1626's effectiveness and high barrier to resistance makes it a top Hepatitis C...

Hepatitis C Complications Helped by Maintenance Interferon
A four-year study confirms that low-dosage maintenance interferon therapy prevents disease progression in those with portal hypertension or cirrhosis from Hepatitis C....

Modified Hepatic Activity Index

Modified HAI Grading: Necroinflammatory Scores
Periportal or Periseptal Interface Hepatitis (piecemeal necrosis)
(A)
Score Confluent Necrosis
(B)
Score Focal (spotty) Lytic Necrosis, Apoptosis, and Focal Inflammation*
(C)
Score Portal Inflammation
(D)
Score
Absent 0 Absent 0 Absent 0 None 0
Mild (focal, few portal areas) 1 Focal confluent necrosis 1 One focus or less per 10x objective 1 Mild, some or all portal areas 1
Mild/moderate (focal, most portal areas) 2 Zone 3 necrosis in some areas 2 Two to four foci per 10x objective 2 Moderate, some or all portal areas 2
Moderate (continuous around <50% of tracts or septa) 3 Zone 3 necrosis in most areas 3 Five to ten foci per 10x objective 3 Moderate/marked, all portal areas 3
Severe (continuous around >50% of tracts or septa) 4 Zone 3 necrosis + occasional portal-central (P-C) bridging 4 More than ten foci per 10x objective 4 Marked, all portal areas 4
Zone 3 necrosis + multiple P-C bridging 5 References
  1. Ishak K, et al. Histological grading and staging of chronic hepatitis. J Hepato/1995;22:696-699.
  2. Knodell RG, et al. Formulation and application of a numerical scoring system for assessing histological activity in asymptomatic chronic active hepatitis. Hepatology 1981;1(5):431-5

Modified Staging Chart

Scoring Chart
Panacinar or multiacinar necrosis 6
Total Modified HAI = __/18

Does not include diffuse sinusoidal infiltration by inflammatory cells.

Additional features which should be noted but not scored:
  • Bile Duct inflammation & damage
  • Lymphoid Follicles
  • Steatosis, mild, moderate or marked
  • Hepatocellular dysplasia, small or large cell
  • Adenomatous hyperplasia
  • Iron or copper overload
  • Intracellular inclusions
Immunohistochemical findings:
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Information on viral antigens, lymphocyte subsets or other features, when available, should be recorded and may be semi-quantitatively expressed


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Updated 12 May 2008